According to the APA Dictionary of Sport psychology. “Sport Psychology is a proficiency that uses psychological knowledge and skills to address optimal performance and well-being of athletes, developmental and social aspects of sports participation, and systemic issues associated with sports settings and organizations.”

According to the APA Dictionary of Psychology, “School Counseling is guidance for students, parents, and other caregivers that focuses on a student's academic, personal, social, and career development. School counseling can take place at any educational level, from elementary through college and professional school.”

“Workplace counselling, however, is the dynamics between three participants: organization, employee and counsellor. Generally, the organization pays for counselling provisions for its employees. A counsellor can either be a full-time employee of the organization or may be employed as an independent agent. The purpose is to effectively deal with the personal/professional problems, personal/professional growth, and work and non-work related issues.